Refrigerating apparatus.



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M. E. DOUANE.

REFBIGERATING APPARATUS.

Applicatiou filed Feb. 1, 1900.)

(Nq Model.)

UNITED STATES iPATENT OFFICE;

MAURICE ERNEST DOUANE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

REFRIGERATING PPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No; 673,075, dated .Aprl 30, 1901. Application filed February l, 1900. Serial No. 3,591. (No model.)

To wZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAURICE ERNEST DOUANE, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus working with volatile liquid. Its' object is to provide acooler which though occupying little space and having small capacity for the reception of the volatile fluid presents a large surface for its circulation and evaporation, thereby when used for the production of ice causing a rapid formation of uniform layers thereof, such a cooler also affording great facility for the remoVal of the ice layers therefrom.

The accompanying drawing represents a vertical section of a cooler embodying my invention. This cooler consists of two concentric tubes 100 and 101 of little difference of diameter, joined at their lower end 103. The outer tube 100 has a cover 104 and the inner tube 101 has a cover 105. The annular space between the tubes and the space between their covers constitute the chamber wherein the volatile refrigerating liquid expands. In order to obtain circulation of the volatile liquid favorable for exchange of heat through.

the tube-walls, there is arranged within the refrigerating-chamber a directing bell-tube 106, the cylindrical part of which desoends in the annular space between the tubes 100 and 101. Through the cover 104 of the outer tube 100 and the head of 'the bell-tube 106 there enters the pipe 107, supplying the refrigerating liq'uid to the annular chamber of the cooler, and through the cover of the outer tube 100 there is an opening 108 for the issue of the vapors generated in the annular chamber by the beat abstracted from the matters to be cooled. Thus the liquid entering by 107 circulates first along the interior tube 101, when it Vaporizes, and the vapor passing between the directing-tube and the outer tube 100 is discharged by 108. This circulation might be reversed-that is to say, the liquid might be sent first along the outer tube 100 and the vapor might ascend along the tube 101. In that case the liquid would enter by 108 and the vapor would issue by 107. This cooler is to be placed in a suitable vessel or `receptacle for the material to be cooled, and suitable means not necessary to be herein and a cooler, for example-must be provided for the introduction of cool volatile refrigerating liquid through one of the pipes 107 108 and the eXit of the vapors through the other of said pipes.

In the operation there is energetic circulation of a thin layer of refrigerating liquid along the metal walls of'the cooler, which promotes good transmission of heat and also u'niform utilizatiou of the tube-surface for such transmission. By the employment of the directing-tube 106 ice is uniformly produced along the walls of the tubes 100 and 101, showing that all parts of the surface of these tubes have the same' refrigerating efficiency; but without this directing-tube a great thickness of ice Would be formed at the lower part of the cooler, while the rest of the surface of the tubes would have only a peliicle of ice.

The`annular space between the tubes 100 and 101 may be made of Capacity so small that it may always be quite filled with refrigeratingliquid even when the charge of this liquid in the refrigerating apparatus is considerably rednced-for instance, by losses during longworking.

The cooler is particularly well adapted to the nanutacture of ice, because after the ice has been formed to a suitable thickness on the walls of the chamber it may be quickly detached by passing through the refrigerating-cham ber a small quantity of refrigerating liquid which has been previously warmed.

I reservethe right of giving the coucentric tubes 100 and 101 any 'suitable form.

What I claim as my invention is- In a refrigerating apparatus, a cooler consistiug of two upright tubes arranged one within the other and united at their bottoms and having separate covers, and an interposed bell-tube, the out-er tube having an opening in its cover and the bell-tube having an opening in its head, said opening in the i bell-tube being provided with a pipe which shown and described-a circulating-pump IOO passes through the cover of the outer tube, enee of two witnesses, this 17th day of Januand the two openings serving respeeti'vely for a'y, 1900.

the inlet and outlet for a volatile fluid to be used as the 'efrigemting agent, substartially MAURICE ERNEST E" 5 :s hei-ein described. Witness s:

In testimony that I claim the fo'egoing as EDWARD P. MACLEAN, my invention I have signed my name, in p'es- ALCIDE FABE. 

